Keywords
acute myeloid leukemia
classification
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the result of a somatic mutation in a myeloid precursor, which triggers a clonal proliferation of immature leukemia cells. The purpose of this review is to describe the proposed AML classifications over time, highlighting the integration of new biological characteristics. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic search of papers published up to 2023 was carried out in PubMed and Google. Development: Several AML classifications have been proposed: a) Classification of the French-American-British group (FAB) in 1976; b) Morphological, Immunological and Cytogenetic Classification (MIC) in 1988; c) Immunological Classification of Acute Leukemias of the European Group (EGIL) in 1995; d) Classification of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1997, 2001, 2008, 2016 and 2022; and e) International Consensus Classification (ICC) in 2022. The new 2022 classifications (WHO and ICC) expand the genetic anomalies that define specific AML groups. However, the Argentine Society of Hematology warns that there are points of controversy between both classifications. Conclusions: Achieving international expert consensus would be beneficial for health professionals involved in the management of AML, and especially for the patient who suffers from it.
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