Palabras clave
β-talasemia
hierro
estrés oxidativo
Cómo citar
Resumen
La ferroptosis es un tipo de muerte celular programada, dependiente de hierro, impulsada por una severa peroxidación lipídica, la cual es consecuencia del metabolismo celular y de una homeostasis redox desequilibrada. La β-talasemia es una anemia hereditaria que cursa con eritropoyesis ineficaz y hemólisis, cuya complicación más importante es la sobrecarga de hierro. Objetivos: Identificar y caracterizar proteínas de la membrana eritrocitaria implicadas en la ferroptosis en pacientes con rasgo β-talasémico (RBT). Materiales y Métodos: Se estudió el proteoma de membranas de eritrocitos desprovistos de hemoglobina de 4 sujetos RBT (grupo RBT) y 4 sujetos control por HPLC acoplado a espectrometría de masa. El análisis e identificación de proteínas se realizó empleando Proteome Discoverer V1.4, y el software Perseus para su cuantificación. Se utilizó la plataforma BlastKOALA para la caracterización funcional de cada proteína. Resultados: Se encontró que las proteínas PCBP 1 y 2 (chaperonas del hierro que favorecen su depósito), P67 y P40 (subunidades catalíticas de la NADPH oxidasa) y ALOX15 (marcadora de peroxidación lipídica), proteínas involucradas en la vía ferroptótica, aumentaron significativamente en el grupo RBT (p<0,05), y su abundancia fue 3,1; 4,4; 3,3; 4,7 y 3 veces mayor que en el grupo control, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La sobreexpresión de proteínas implicadas en la ferroptosis en portadores de β-talasemia avala la participación de este tipo de muerte celular no apoptótica en la fisiopatología de esta anemia hereditaria.
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