Keywords
Anaerobes; Prevotella
Epidemiological surveillance
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Anaerobic bacteria occupy different ecological niches and regulate the innate immune response of the host; however, some of them are considered opportunistic pathogens as they can invade and cause damage. Objective: To determine the prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in clinical samples from both hospitalized and ambulatory patients at the Dr. J.C. Perrando Hospital, located in the city of Resistencia (Chaco, Argentina), during the period April 2017 - August 2018. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational and prospective experimental study was carried out, identifying samples sent for culture in anaerobiosis. Results: Four hundred and nineteen samples from different services of this hospital were analyzed. The presence of anaerobic microorganisms was determined in forty-six of them (11%), predominantly female patient samples (88%), taken from uterine cavities (33%) and surgical wounds (23%), and from the gynecology room (66%). Only 7% of the Gram stains were compatible with anaerobes and 13% yielded positive bacterial cultures; of the latter, 86% corresponded to strictly anaerobic bacteria. The genus most frequently isolated was Prevotella spp. (56%), predominantly from gynecological simples (66%). Conclusion: This study revealed an eleven percent prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in clinical samples from one of the main public hospitals in northeastern Argentina, and Prevotella spp. highlighted as an opportunistic pathogen to be considered to adapt empirical treatment to the local epidemiological profile.
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